10 FAQ's About Bariatric Surgery
Obesity is one of the leading causes of death globally due to diseases associated with it, including diabetes and heart disease, among others. Many rate it as today’s epidemic.
The group of candidates for bariatric surgery are those patients with obesity with a BMI over 34, as well patients with severe diseases associated with obesity even if they have a lower BMI.
Some years ago bariatric surgery was considered only for morbidly obese patients, that is those who had a BMI greater than 40, but these criteria have changed because of advances in research; now we know more about the implications of obesity in quality of life and expectancy. We also have improved the technical aspects of surgery.
2. Besides BMI, is there another requirement for surgery?
In addition to BMI, the age of the patient is considered. The patient should generally be between 18 and 65. When not within these parameters, it is necessary to analyze the case.
3.-In what cases is surgery not recommended?
Surgery should not be performed in patients with eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia; when the patient has an addiction (alcohol, drugs) and may not be 100% rehabilitated, and for those with psychiatric disorders such as psychosis, bipolar disorder, and others who have not been successfully treated. In some cases, gastric diseases such as cancer or prior surgery may be an impediment for weight loss surgery.
4 What are the methods that work best?
The two most currently performed surgeries in the world are the gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy (gastric sleeve).
Gastric Bypass surgery is the most common weight loss surgery in the world and in Mexico. It is a hybrid procedure for weight loss by restricting food intake and its decreased absorption.
It has a high effectiveness, with loss of 80-90% of excess weight in a year, and a significant improvement of the associated diseases, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Gastric Sleeve surgery involves the resection of a segment of the stomach, leaving a thin sleeve or tube. This way food intake is significantly reduced.
It has a similar effectiveness and improvement of obesity related diseases than that of the bypass; we also perform it laparoscopically.
A great advantage is that it alters the digestive tract and, therefore, the patient does not require vitamin supplements for life, because it does not alter the absorption of nutrients.
5.-What are the main risks of bariatric surgery?
There are the common risks of any surgical procedure performed under general anesthesia. However, since it is an elective procedure, the patient reaches the operating room very well prepared, thus minimizing risks.
Also, current techniques are less invasive, with early recovery, with average 48-hour hospitalization, using small incisions and procedures that last about an hour.
6.- What is the success rate of bariatric surgery?
Success rates are very high. On one side there is the weight loss, and secondly the reversion of associated diseases that the patient had before surgery.
Regarding weight loss, statistically patients lose an average between 65 and 90% of their excess weight, and that is for somewhere between 70% and 80% of operated patients. In general up to 80% of patients lost at least 60% of their excess weight.
7.- What obesity associated diseases can be cured?
One of the most important is diabetes, which has an overall remission rate after surgery (that is the patient does not require more medication and has normal glucose level) close to 80%.
Another disease that can be solved is the syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea, a breathing disorder which also has a very high rate of improvement or cure.
A third disease is hypertension. In over 50% of the operated cases, this condition improves or disappears.
Insulin resistance, fat levels in the blood and the psychological state of the patient is also improved or totally solved.
8.- Is it a myth or reality that the patient after surgery can not eat solid food?
The aim of bariatric surgery is that patients change their eating habits and the quality of the food they eat. That being said, you should ingest liquid for a short period of time after the surgery but the idea is to gradually incorporate all types of food.
9.-How long does it take for the patient to return to his normal life?
The first 2-3 days after surgery the patient should be resting. On the seventh day, the patient is able to drive and at the end of the month he would be able to have moderate physical activity.
10.-Can a woman get pregnant after surgery?
What we recommend to patients is to avoid pregnancy the first two years after surgery.
After bariatric surgery the chances of getting pregnant increase because obesity is associated with infertility and what is termed as high risk pregnancy, a condition that improves after surgery.
For more information on weight loss surgery in Mexico, visit hispanohospital.com or call us toll free at 888-698-2244.